Protection of Privacy Law, 5741-1981, as amended by Amendment No. 13

Amendment 13 is the most significant overhaul of Israeli privacy law since 1981 and took effect August 14, 2025. It modernizes the definitions — personal data now expressly covers online identifiers, IP addresses and geolocation, and a redefined 'especially sensitive data' category captures biometric, genetic, criminal-record, sexual-orientation and financial information — and rebuilds enforcement, giving the Privacy Protection Authority substantially expanded investigative powers and a turnover-scaled administrative fine regime in place of the previous largely criminal model. It also mandates Data Protection Officers for public bodies, data brokers, and controllers processing especially sensitive data at scale, and adds specific duties for data brokers. On reach: the PPA's position is that the Law extends to databases holding data about people in Israel even without a local establishment, and the Israeli database-registration regime has been narrowed but not eliminated. Israel holds an EU adequacy decision, which the Amendment was partly designed to preserve. The extraterritorial triggers below reflect regulator position rather than an express statutory Article-3 clause — confirm with Israeli counsel for a specific business.